Student Perceptions of Fairness and Security in a Versioned Programming Exam

Using multiple versions of exams is a common exam security technique to prevent cheating in a variety of contexts. While psycho-metric techniques are routinely used by large high-stakes testing companies to ensure equivalence between exam versions, such approaches are generally cost and effort prohibitive for individual classrooms. As such, exam versions practically present a tension between exam security (which is enhanced by the versioning) and fairness (which results from difficulty variation between versions).