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January 1, 2011Mediators of InflammationOpen Access

Evaluation of Plaque Stability of Advanced Atherosclerotic Lesions in Apo E-Deficient Mice after Treatment with the Oral Factor Xa Inhibitor Rivaroxaban

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Why the study?

Does rivaroxaban improve plaque stability and reduce progression of advanced atherosclerotic lesions in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice?

Population

60 26-week-old female apolipoprotein E-deficient mice with already established advanced atherosclerotic…

Comparison

Rivaroxaban 1 mg/kg/day or 5 mg/kg/day… vs Standard chow diet for 26 weeks.

Design

Preclinical, Sixty mice were randomized to 3 groups, Two independent…

Follow-up

26 weeks

Authors

QZQianxing ZhouFudan University FBFlorian BeaHeidelberg University MPMichael R. PreuschHeidelberg University

Discussion

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Implication

May promote plaque stability in mice; leaves open translation to human atherosclerosis.

Key Points

This research investigates whether rivaroxaban can enhance the stability of atherosclerotic plaques in mice deficient in apolipoprotein E.
Apolipoprotein E-deficient mice received rivaroxaban (1 or 5 mg/kg) or standard chow for 26 weeks (n=20 per group).
Lesion progression and plaque characteristics were assessed post-treatment.
mRNA expression of inflammatory mediators was analyzed using real-time PCR from thoracic aortas.
High-dose rivaroxaban (5 mg/kg) increased fibrous cap thickness (12.3 ± 3.8 μm vs. 10.1 ± 2.7 μm; P < .05).
Treatment reduced levels of inflammatory mediators IL-6, TNF-α, MCP-1, and Egr-1 (P < .05) compared to control.
No significant reduction in overall lesion progression was noted in the treated groups.

Structured PICO

Does rivaroxaban improve plaque stability and reduce progression of advanced atherosclerotic lesions in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice?

P

Population

60 26-week-old female apolipoprotein E-deficient mice (strain B6.129P2Apoe tm1Unc /Crl) with already established advanced atherosclerotic lesions in the innominate artery.

I

Intervention

Rivaroxaban 1 mg/kg/day (low-concentration) or 5 mg/kg/day (high-concentration) administered via chow diet for 26 weeks.

C

Comparator

Standard chow diet for 26 weeks.

O

Outcome

Plaque progression and stability of advanced atherosclerotic lesions (including fibrous cap thickness, necrotic core size, medial erosion, and lateral xanthomas).surrogate

Chronic administration of the factor Xa inhibitor rivaroxaban promotes atherosclerotic lesion stability and downregulates inflammatory mediators in ApoE-deficient mice, independent of lipid-lowering effects.

Limitations

Poor bioavailability of rivaroxaban in mice compared to other species, limiting the ability to achieve higher plasma concentrations
Numbers of macrophages were not reduced by rivaroxaban treatment despite reduction in inflammatory mediators
Frequency of intraplaque haemorrhage was not reduced

Cite This Study

Zhou et al. (2011) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a1cdb375a7763abe789d328 https://doi.org/10.1155/2011/432080

Topics

Anticoagulation in AF

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Also Consider

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