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We present a novel moving-iron, high-pressure, high-speed electromagnetic actuator that utilizes permanent-magnet (PM) shielding for increasing air-gap flux. We analyze its static and dynamic characteristics by using the finite-element method, taking into account the nonlinear characteristics and the eddy-current loss of the magnetic material. The experimental and simulated results agree well and show that the actuator has a displacement of 0.6 mm, closing time of 2.24 ms, and opening time of 7.78 ms without latching force.
Man et al. (Wed,) studied this question.