This review highlights the changing epidemiology of infectious endocarditis and emphasizes appropriate indications for antibiotic prophylaxis in high-risk pediatric populations based on the 2007 AHA guidelines.
Supports continued 2007 AHA prophylaxis in high-risk children; leaves open need for updated prospective epidemiology studies.
Infectious endocarditis (IE) is a rare illness with high morbidity and mortality. Incidence of IE is on the rise in industrialized countries, particularly as those with congenital heart defects are living longer and the use of indwelling central catheters increases. With the 2007 American Heart Association guidelines, there has been a shift in recommending antibiotic prophylaxis only to high-risk patient populations. This clinical review will highlight the changing epidemiology and etiology of IE, followed by an emphasis on the appropriate indications for antibiotic prophylaxis in high-risk populations undergoing specific procedures.
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Martin et al. (2018) studied this question.
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