Characteristics and outcomes of patients with lymphoma who developed therapy-related acute myeloid leukemia or myelodysplastic syndrome – a retrospective analysis of the Polish Adult Leukemia Group

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Introduction: Enhancing lymphoma outcomes increases the risk of therapy-related neoplasms such as acute myeloid leukemia (t-AML) and myelodysplastic syndrome (t-MDS). Material and methods: Our study, conducted at seven Polish hematology centers between 2011 and 2018, explores clinical features, outcomes, and prognostic factors of t-AML and t-MDS arising after initial lymphoid neoplasms. Results: = 0.03) were independent prognostic factors influencing OS. Therapy- related myelodysplastic syndrome/acute myeloid leukemia after lymphoma treatment is associated with a dismal prognosis mainly due to poor cytogenetic risk. Conclusions: Anemia and thrombocytopenia may indicate more severe impairment of bone marrow function, resulting in further inferior treatment outcomes.