‘Omics’ techniques and their use to identify how soybean responds to flooding

Various environmental stresses reduce crop growth and productivity. Plants respond to stresses through changes in gene expression, protein abundance, and metabolite accumulation. Among functional genomics tools, ‘omics’ techniques such as transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics are extensively used to reveal these responses. Altering plant phenotype by changing transcripts, proteins, and metabolites is one of the main challenges for improving crop production. The application of ‘omics’ techniques may facilitate the development of stress-tolerant crops. This review introduces ‘omics’ techniques and their use to identify how soybean responds to flooding.