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Shame is neither a purely social nor a merely sexual phenomenon. Its universality points to a fundamental pattern of human life. Shame has a function in a process of formation which is both individual and social. This functional meaning can be constant thought the contents of shame vary and change. An analysis of the connotations of the words for shame in different languages suggests the relation between shame and awe. Pudenda and veneranda are interrelated.
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Kurt Riezler (1943) studied this question.
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