Key result
Southeast Asia T2DM DALY rate increases ~27% over three decades, driven by high BMI and glucose.
Observational
Yes
Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
The burden of type 2 diabetes mellitus in Southeast Asia has increased significantly over a 30-year period, highlighting the need for targeted interventions against high BMI, high fasting plasma glucose, smoking, and air pollution.
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: To provide insight on targeted approach to mitigate diabetes burden, this research aims to analyze the trends of prevalence, mortality, and disability attributable to risk factors for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) from 1990 to 2019 in the Southeast Asia (SEA) region. METHODS AND RESULTS: Age-standardized rates for prevalence (ASPR), mortality (ASMR), and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) from 1990 to 2019 from the Global Burden of Disease Study were assessed. DALYs-related risk factors were estimated using multivariate regression analysis and estimated annual percentage change (EAPC) was calculated to quantify the temporal trends. Over 30 years, the SEA region experienced a 59.5 % rise in T2DM ASPR, 17.33 % in ASMR, and 26.97 % in DALYs. The T2DM DALYs rate per 100,000 population was 1002.91 (885.23-1132.40) in 1990 and 1273.42 (1103.92-1452.41) in 2019, increasing by 27 %. Cambodia and Indonesia had the highest worsening in three parameters, while most significant improvement in all parameters was observed in Singapore. The curvilinear association was demonstrated between ASMR and DALYs to Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita. Prominent risk factors affecting DALYs increase were high fasting plasma glucose (FPG) (p < 0.001), high body mass index (BMI) (p < 0.001), tobacco use (p = 0.012), and household pollution (p = 0.03). Men were more affected than women. CONCLUSION: The burden of T2DM in the SEA region has increased significantly during the 30-year period. Policymakers should address high BMI, high FPG, smoking, and air pollution to regulate T2DM burden in SEA.
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Nugrahani et al. (2024) conducted an observational in Type 2 diabetes mellitus. Risk factors (high fasting plasma glucose, high BMI, tobacco use, household pollution) vs. 1990 baseline / unexposed was evaluated on T2DM DALYs rate per 100,000 population. Between 1990 and 2019, the T2DM DALYs rate in Southeast Asia increased by 27% to 1273.42 per 100,000, with high fasting plasma glucose and high BMI as prominent risk factors (p<0.001).
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