Key result
Neurological complications of coeliac disease, including epilepsy and ataxia, are associated with mechanisms such as altered autoimmunity, heredity, and gluten toxicity, beyond simple malabsorption.
This review highlights that neurological complications in coeliac disease may be driven by mechanisms beyond malabsorption, such as autoimmunity and gluten toxicity, indicating a need for further research.
Raises awareness for complex neurological risks in coeliac disease; leaves open mechanistic and therapeutic research needs.
A variety of neurological disorders have been reported in association with coeliac disease including epilepsy, ataxia, neuropathy, and myelopathy. The nature of this association is unclear and whether a specific neurological complication occurs in coeliac disease remains unproved. Malabsorption may lead to vitamin and trace element deficiencies. Therefore, patients who develop neurological dysfunction should be carefully screened for these. However, malabsorption does not satisfactorily explain the pathophysiology and clinical course of many of the associated neurological disorders. Other mechanisms proposed include altered autoimmunity, heredity, and gluten toxicity. This review attempts to summarise the literature and suggests directions for future research.
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Tengah et al. (2002) conducted a review in Coeliac disease with neurological complications. Neurological complications of coeliac disease, including epilepsy and ataxia, are associated with mechanisms such as altered autoimmunity, heredity, and gluten toxicity, beyond simple malabsorption.
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