The synthesis of a series of 3,3-diheteroaromatic oxindoles has been effectively produced through treatment of indole-2,3-dione (isatin) with various indoles and pyrroles using quaternized poly(4-vinylpyridine)iodinium iodide , under solvent-free condition and neutral medium. The reaction proceeds rapidly with excellent yields. This catalyst has been shown to be stable and highly recyclable.
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Johari et al. (2023) studied this question.
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