Intense (up to a few 10¹⁷0.3em0exW∕cm²) femtosecond (down to 400.3em0exfs) laser pulses are focused onto a partially clusterized argon gas jet. The target was previously characterized and optimized in order to get a homogeneous and dense jet of clusters with a well controlled size. The interaction leads to x-ray emission that is absolutely calibrated and spectrally resolved using a high resolution time-integrated spectrometer in the K-shell range (from 2.90.3em0exto0.3em0ex4.30.3em0exkeV). X-ray spectra are investigated as a function of different laser temporal parameters such as the nanosecond prepulse contrast, the laser pulse duration, and the femtosecond delay between two different laser pulses. The cluster size ranges from 1800.3em0exto0.3em0ex3500.3em0ex and irradiation by laser pulses with both linear and circular polarization is investigated. The experimental results are discussed in terms of the laser-cluster interaction dynamics. They are compared with the predictions of collision-dominated nanoplasma models. However, further interaction processes are required in order to explain the observed characteristic lines demonstrating highly charged ions up to Ar¹⁶⁺.
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Dorchies et al. (2005) studied this question.
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