High Intensity Laser Absorption by Gases of Atomic Clusters

We have measured the energy absorption efficiency of high intensity, picosecond laser pulses in low density gases composed of large atomic clusters. We find that, though the average density of the resulting plasmas is low, the energy absorption can be very high $(>95%)$, indicating that substantial laser energy is deposited per particle in the plasma. Ion energy measurements confirm that this efficient energy deposition results in plasmas with very high (multi-keV) ion temperatures.