Key result
SST k-ω turbulence models best reproduced experimental flow patterns, revealing that low flow ratios cause fluid rolling up while high ratios cause fluid twisting.
Why the study?
The study investigated 3D flow field phenomena in an occluded artery bypass region and the effect of the bypass graft to stenosis volume flow ratio on their formation.
Does varying bypass graft to stenosis volume flow ratio affect hemodynamic flow patterns and wall shear stress in an occluded artery model?
Does varying bypass graft to stenosis volume flow ratio affect hemodynamic flow patterns and wall shear stress in an occluded artery model?
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This computational study maps hemodynamic flow patterns and shear stress in bypass grafts, highlighting areas prone to subendothelial hyperplasia.
In this research work, the hemodynamic field of an occluded artery with anastomosis by means of computational simulation has been studied. The main objective of the current study is the investigation of 3D flow field phenomena in the by-pass region and the effect of the bypass graft to stenosis volume flow ratio on their formation. The anastomosis type was end-to-side with a 45° angle, while stenosis imposed a 75% area blockage of the aorta vessel and the total volume flow was 220 lt/h. The computational study of the flow field was utilized via a laminar flow model and three turbulence models (k-ε RNG, standard k-ω, and k-ω SST). Numerical results were compared qualitatively with experimental visualizations carried out under four different flow conditions, varying according to the flow ratio between the stenosis and the anastomotic graft. Comparison between computational results and experimental visualization findings exhibited a good agreement. Results showed that SST k-ω turbulence models reproduce better visually obtained flow patterns. Furthermore, cross-sectional velocity distributions demonstrated two distinct flow patterns down the bypass graft, depending on the flow ratio. Low values of flow ratio are characterized by fluid rolling up, whereas for high values fluid volume twisting was observed. Finally, areas with low wall shear stresses were mapped, as these are more prone to postoperative degradation of the bypass graft due to the development of subendothelial hyperplasia.
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Parissis et al. (2023) studied Occluded artery with anastomosis (computational/experimental model). Bypass graft to stenosis volume flow ratio variations vs. Different flow ratios was evaluated on Hemodynamic flow patterns and wall shear stress. SST k-ω turbulence models best reproduced experimental flow patterns, revealing that low flow ratios cause fluid rolling up while high ratios cause fluid twisting.
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