Key result
Females exhibit reduced vasoconstriction, lower vascular resistance, and smaller cardiac volume and wall thickness in response to dynamic exercise and physical training compared with males.
Why the study?
Gender-related physiological and morphological differences exist in cardiovascular adjustments and adaptations to dynamic exercise, influenced by genetic, endocrine, and body composition differences between sexes.
What are the gender differences in hemodynamic regulation and cardiovascular adaptations to dynamic exercise?
What are the gender differences in hemodynamic regulation and cardiovascular adaptations to dynamic exercise?
This review highlights significant gender-related physiological and morphological differences in cardiovascular adaptations to dynamic exercise, with females showing lower vascular resistance and smaller cardiac structural adaptations than males.
Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
Warrants sex-specific interpretation of exercise responses clinically; extends observational data but leaves open prospective outcome trials.
Exercise is a major challenge for cardiovascular apparatus since it recruits chronotropic, inotropic, pre-load, and afterload reserves.Regular physical training induces several physiological adaptations leading to an increase in both cardiac volume and mass.It appears that several genderrelated physiological and morphological differences exist in the cardiovascular adjustments and adaptations to dynamic exercise in humans.In this respect, gender may be important in determining these adjustments and adaptations to dynamic exercise due to genetic, endocrine, and body composition differences between sexes.Females seem to have a reduced vasoconstriction and a lower vascular resistance in comparison to males, especially after exercise.Significant differences exist also in the cardiovascular adaptations to physical training, with trained women showing smaller cardiac volume and wall thickness compared with male athletes.In this review, we summarize these differences.
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Pier Paolo Bassareo (2020) conducted a review in Cardiovascular adaptations to dynamic exercise. Dynamic exercise vs. Males vs Females was evaluated. Females exhibit reduced vasoconstriction, lower vascular resistance, and smaller cardiac volume and wall thickness in response to dynamic exercise and physical training compared with males.
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