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Clinical case reports and animal studies have demonstrated that the principle of guided bone regeneration can be applied for surgical treatment of moderate to profound peri-implant bone loss (peri-implantitis). However, the degree of bone regeneration within the peri-implant osseous defect was reported to be variable depending on different clinical factors and on the postoperative course. Most papers dealing with surgical treatment of peri-implantitis advocate the use of a non-resorbable ePTFE membrane for secluding the peri-implant bone defect enabling bone regeneration. Additionally some surgeons fill the defects with allografts or alloplasts. The present case report demonstrates another surgical approach by using autogenous cancellous bone for grafting into the peri-implant bone defect and placing a bioresorbable polylactide membrane as a matrix barrier. The successful outcome of this modified surgical approach enabled the patient to maintain the implant for prosthetic reconstruction after early but severe bone loss.
Arx et al. (Mon,) studied this question.