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A three-phase distribution system state estimation algorithm is proposed in this paper. The normal equation method is used to compute the real-time states of distribution systems modeled by their actual a-b-c phases. A current based formulation is introduced and compared with other formulations. Observability analysis for the proposed distribution system state estimation is discussed. Test results indicate that the normal equation method is applicable to the distribution system state estimation and the current based rectangular form formulation is suitable for this application.>
Lu et al. (Sun,) studied this question.