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The fluctuation-dissipation theorem of statistical mechanics, proved in this note for a system with two quadratic integrals of motion such as that of two-dimensional or geostrophic turbulence, relates, the mean response to impulsive external forcing of a dynamical system to its natural unforced variability. The utility of this theorem in providing an estimate of the response of climatic means to changing external influences is discussed.
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C. E. Leith (1975) studied this question.
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