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The relativistic energy equation for an expanding universe of non-interconverting matter and radiation is integrated. The above result, together with a knowledge of the physical conditions that prevailed during the element forming process in the early stages of the expansion, is used to determine the time dependences of proper distance as well as of the densities of matter and radiation. These relationships are employed to determine the mean galactic diameter and mass when formed as 2.1×{}10³ light years and 3.8×{}10⁷ sun masses, respectively. Galactic separations are computed to be of the order of 10⁶ light years at the present time.
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Alpher et al. (1949) studied this question.
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