Why the study?
Different factors are associated with hemodialysis patients' adherence to their therapeutic regimen, prompting an assessment of the association between patient characteristics, including health literacy, and adherence levels.
Male gender and higher frequency of dialysis sessions are independent predictors of non-adherence in Iraqi hemodialysis patients.
May flag male patients on frequent hemodialysis for adherence support; hypothesis-generating and needs prospective confirmation.
Different factors are associated with hemodialysis patients’ adherence to their complex therapeutic regimen. This study assessed the association between different patient characteristics, including health literacy and adherence levels. A cross-sectional study was conducted in the Dialysis Center of Baghdad Medical City, Baghdad, Iraq, and included 72 end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients on maintenance hemodialysis. The adherence level was assessed using a self-reported end-stage renal disease adherence questionnaire (ESRD-AQ). This study identified one patient-related factor (being male) and one disease-related factor (having a higher number of dialysis sessions per week) to be associated with non-adherence behavior among Iraqi hemodialysis patients, and the number of dialysis sessions per week was found to be an independent predictor in multivariate analysis. In conclusion, it is essential to recognize and address these factors to enhance patients’ experiences with their disease and healthcare system and design tailored interventions to support patients’ adherence and outcomes.
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Ansaf et al. (2025) studied this question.
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