External Validation of AOT-GCI (Glycation Corrosion Index) in Two Independent JAEB CGM RCT Datasets: Replace-BG and RT-CGM (n=657)

This study provides external validation of the Arithmetic Orbit Trajectory (AOT) Glycation Corrosion Index (GCI) framework using two large, independent, publicly available JAEB randomized controlled trial CGM datasets: Replace-BG (NCT02258373, n=216, 14.8M CGM readings) and RT-CGM RCT (JDRF CGM Study, n=441, 16.7M CGM readings). Total n=657, 31.5M CGM readings. GCI = max(GMI - 5.7, 0), where GMI is derived from mean CGM glucose. The AOT framework maps CGM integer values to GF(2^8) multiplicative orders, identifying stable metabolic states (Z/15Z, 15 values) and algebraic transition points (Sylow-17 subgroup, 16 values, including 99 mg/dL). Key findings: (1) GCI vs HbA1c Pearson r=0.771 (p=1.8e-130), R2=0.594, combined; (2) Universal formula: HbA1c = 5.643 + 1.054 x GCI (consistent across both datasets); (3) GCI outperforms TIR by Delta-r=+0.042; (4) Sylow-17 ratio r=-0.477 with HbA1c, validating algebraic interpretation; (5) Monotonic HbA1c increase across GCI quartiles (Q1: 6.52% to Q4: 7.97%). Data obtained from JAEB Center for Health Research public repository (public.jaeb.org). Analysis performed in Python 3 (pandas, scipy, scikit-learn). AOT framework: Zenodo DOI 10.5281/zenodo.20476973. GCI framework: Zenodo DOI 10.5281/zenodo.20476849.