Hindering and enabling factors towards ICT integration in schools: A developing country perspective

ICT in education has emerged as a popular phenomenon and has been widely considered and explored. Though in the developed part of the world there has been remarkable achievement observed in terms of ICT use in the process of teaching and learning however, in most of the developing countries; schools mostly fail to do so. Pakistan, as a less developed country, has still been in its infancy stage of ICT integration in schools. The purpose of this paper was thus, to explore the existing state of affairs in relation to ICT integration in schools via reviewing both the hindering and enabling factors. The study employed systemic review method to review the available research, conducted in Pakistan, in the last ten years. The results inform about several fundamental issues and provide way forward towards effective ICT integration in the process of teaching and learning.