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T. H. Clutton-Brock, M. Major, S. D. Albon, F. E. Guinness, Early Development and Population Dynamics in Red Deer. I. Density-Dependent Effects on Juvenile Survival, Journal of Animal Ecology, Vol. 56, No. 1 (Feb., 1987), pp. 53-67
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Clutton‐Brock et al. (1987) studied this question.
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