Key result
In asymptomatic young adults, increased body mass index was independently associated with a 7.3 g increase in left ventricular mass per 5.3 kg/m2 increase, indicating subclinical cardiac alterations.
Why the study?
Cardiac alterations associated with sedentary lifestyle-related risk factors in young adults are growing and could overlap with early non-ischemic cardiomyopathy findings on cardiovascular MRI.
Are sedentary lifestyle-related risk factors (overweight, hypertension, type 2 diabetes) associated with subclinical alterations in cardiac morphology, function, and tissue characteristics on 3T MRI in young asymptomatic adults?
Cross-Sectional (n=311)
No
Are sedentary lifestyle-related risk factors (overweight, hypertension, type 2 diabetes) associated with subclinical alterations in cardiac morphology, function, and tissue characteristics on 3T MRI in young asymptomatic adults?
Young asymptomatic adults with sedentary lifestyle-related risk factors exhibit subclinical alterations in cardiac morphology, function, and tissue characteristics on 3T MRI, which should be considered in clinical decision making.
Background Young adult populations with the sedentary lifestyle-related risk factors overweight, hypertension, and type 2 diabetes (T2D) are growing, and associated cardiac alterations could overlap early findings in non-ischemic cardiomyopathy on cardiovascular MRI. We aimed to investigate cardiac morphology, function, and tissue characteristics for these cardiovascular risk factors. Methods Non-athletic non-smoking asymptomatic adults aged 18–45 years were prospectively recruited and underwent 3Tesla cardiac MRI. Multivariate linear regression was performed to investigate independent associations of risk factor-related parameters with cardiac MRI values. Results We included 311 adults (age, 32 ± 7 years; men, 49%). Of them, 220 subjects had one or multiple risk factors, while 91 subjects were free of risk factors. For overweight, increased body mass index (per SD = 5.3 kg/m 2 ) was associated with increased left ventricular (LV) mass (+7.3 g), biventricular higher end-diastolic (LV, +8.6 ml), and stroke volumes (SV; +5.0 ml), higher native T 1 (+7.3 ms), and lower extracellular volume (ECV, −0.38%), whereas the higher waist-hip ratio was associated with lower biventricular volumes. Regarding hypertension, increased systolic blood pressure (per SD = 14 mmHg) was associated with increased LV mass (+6.9 g), higher LV ejection fraction (EF; +1.0%), and lower ECV (−0.48%), whereas increased diastolic blood pressure was associated with lower LV EF. In T2D, increased HbA1c (per SD = 9.0 mmol/mol) was associated with increased LV mass (+2.2 g), higher right ventricular end-diastolic volume (+3.2 ml), and higher ECV (+0.27%). Increased heart rate was linked with decreased LV mass, lower biventricular volumes, and lower T 2 values. Conclusions Young asymptomatic adults with overweight, hypertension, and T2D show subclinical alterations in cardiac morphology, function, and tissue characteristics. These alterations should be considered in cardiac MRI-based clinical decision making.
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Snel et al. (2022) conducted a cross-sectional in Sedentary lifestyle-related risk factors (n=311). Sedentary lifestyle-related risk factors (overweight, hypertension, type 2 diabetes) vs. Healthy individuals without cardiovascular risk factors was evaluated on Change in left ventricular mass per standard deviation (5.3 kg/m2) increase in body mass index (β 7.3 g, 95% CI 5.4-9.0, p=<0.001). In asymptomatic young adults, increased body mass index was independently associated with a 7.3 g increase in left ventricular mass per 5.3 kg/m2 increase, indicating subclinical cardiac alterations.
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