Planning is challenged to interrelate four different concepts of rationality: value, instrumental, communicative, and strategic. Working out an emancipatory planning approach needs to focus on conflict and power relations and needs communicative, people-centred, practices. Therefore, the author confronts dimensions in the broader planning process with systems of power. Besides planning literature, the author's experience in practice is used. In this way directions are provided for incorporating an explicit power strategy in planning and for the form it may take.
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Louis Albrechts (2003) studied this question.
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