Key result
Elevated serum IL-2 levels were associated with major depressive disorder, demonstrating good diagnostic performance as a biomarker with 83.7% sensitivity and 80.4% specificity.
Why the study?
Although an association between MDD and altered inflammatory processes has been reported, whether cytokine alterations are a cause or consequence of the disorder remains undetermined.
Are elevated serum IL-2 levels associated with major depressive disorder?
Case-Control (n=223)
Are elevated serum IL-2 levels associated with major depressive disorder?
Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
Elevated serum IL-2 levels are associated with major depressive disorder and correlate with depression severity in females, suggesting a potential role as a biomarker.
Objectives: Numerous earlier studies have stated an association between major depressive disorder (MDD) and altered expression of inflammatory process. However, it still needs to determine whether the alteration of cytokines is the causative factor or a consequence of this disorder. Therefore, we attempted to evaluate the role of the pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-2 in the pathophysiology of depression. Methods: We collected blood samples from 111 MDD patients and 112 healthy controls (HCs) matched by age and sex. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (DSM-5) score was used to assess study participants. We determined the severity of depression using the Hamilton Depression (Ham-D) rating scale. We assayed serum levels of IL-2 using the Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) kit. We witnessed a sex-specific correlation between the serum IL-2 levels and the Ham-D score and found that the females with higher Ham-D scores had higher serum IL-2 levels. Moreover, the ROC curve represented the good diagnostic performance of serum IL-2 levels as a biomarker with sensitivity and specificity values of 83.7% and 80.4%, respectively. Conclusions: The current study findings indicate that elevated serum IL-2 levels are associated with MDD. This alteration may be the cause of triggering depression or a result of the activated inflammatory process during the depression. Therefore, we recommend further interventional research to clarify the actual reasons for these altered IL-2 levels in MDD patients.
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Suhee et al. (2023) conducted a case-control in Major Depressive Disorder (n=223). Serum IL-2 levels vs. Healthy controls was evaluated on Diagnostic performance of serum IL-2 levels for major depressive disorder (p=< 0.05). Elevated serum IL-2 levels were associated with major depressive disorder, demonstrating good diagnostic performance as a biomarker with 83.7% sensitivity and 80.4% specificity.
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