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Industry 5.0 marks a transformative shift in manufacturing by placing humans at the center of advanced, intelligent production systems. Human-machine collaboration emerges as a cornerstone of this paradigm, yet existing scholarship remains fragmented across technologies, collaboration models, and application domains. This study systematically reviews and synthesizes literature on human–machine collaboration in Industry 5.0 manufacturing, with a focus on key technological enablers, prevailing collaboration paradigms, and implementation challenges. Following PRISMA 2020 guidelines, a comprehensive search across seven major databases, supplemented by manual reference screening, identified sixty peer-reviewed studies published between 2017 and 2025. Using qualitative thematic synthesis, the analysis highlights that human-centric manufacturing is driven by the integration of artificial intelligence, digital and human digital twins, collaborative robotics, cyber-physical systems, and advanced sensing and interface technologies. Dominant collaboration paradigms, such as human-machine interaction, human-robot collaboration, human-machine cooperation, and human–cyber-physical systems, are applied across manufacturing, improving productivity, safety, ergonomics, trust, and worker well-being. However, adoption faces challenges like integration complexity, skill gaps, ethical and privacy issues, safety risks, and limited empirical validation, especially in developing economies. This review provides a novel structured synthesis by categorizing technological enablers into five integrative clusters, mapping collaboration paradigms to applications and measurable human-centric outcomes, and synthesizing multi-dimensional implementation challenges with associated research gaps, thereby offering an integrated framework that advances beyond prior fragmented or technology-isolated reviews and supports framework development for sustainable human-centric manufacturing. It further informs policy and managerial decision-making, guiding future empirical research toward sustainable, human-centric manufacturing systems.
Okirie et al. (Mon,) studied this question.