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ABSTRACT The Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) region has accelerated its sustainability efforts through national initiatives such as Saudi Vision 2030 and the UAE Energy Strategy 2050. In this context, this study examines the role of Green Human Resource Management (GHRM) practices in enhancing environmental sustainability (ES) within GCC organizations. It further investigates the mediating role of employees' pro‐environmental behavior (EPB) and the moderating effect of organizational green culture. Data were collected through a structured survey from employees across various industries in Saudi Arabia and other GCC countries. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was applied to analyze the relationships among the study variables. The findings indicate that GHRM practices such as green recruitment, training, performance appraisal, and reward systems significantly encourage employees to engage in environmentally responsible behaviors. These practices not only improve regulatory compliance but also enhance long‐term organizational sustainability and reputation. Moreover, organizations with a strong green culture demonstrate superior environmental performance, highlighting the importance of leadership commitment and alignment with national sustainability goals. This study contributes to the literature on sustainable management in emerging economies by demonstrating how HRM can drive environmental performance. It also offers practical insights for organizations, policymakers, and HR practitioners seeking to embed sustainability into business operations. Future research may explore long‐term economic impacts, cultural diversity influences, and the role of emerging technologies in advancing sustainable HRM practices.
Tanveer et al. (Mon,) studied this question.