Development of the Primary and Secondary Education System in the Republic of Kenya (1963–2022)

The article is devoted to the study of the development of the education system in the Republic of Kenya from 1963 to 2022. In a rapidly changing world and growing social demands, the country’s education system has undergone significant changes. The article analyzes the key stages and reforms of education policy in the Republic of Kenya, starting with Independence and the reforms undertaken by the first President, Jomo Kenyatta, and ending with the work of the government of President Uhuru Kenyatta. Special attention is paid to the main achievements in the field of education, such as increasing access to basic education, creating programs to improve the quality of education, and introducing modern technologies into the educational process. The problems and challenges faced by the education system are analyzed, including inequality in access to education for various segments of the population and teaching staff shortages. The arguments are supported by statistical data from the UNESCO UIS database, the World Inequality Database on Education (WISE), reports from the Ministry of Education of Kenya, as well as examples of successful initiatives at the level of public and private institutions. In the article, the author presents a regional review of Kenya’s key education policy and legislative framework and of the existing research on the quantity and quality of primary education in the country, highlighting the importance of educational reforms for the socio-economic development of Kenya. The study focused on issues of quality education in the light of the achievements of Education for All (EFA) and Universal primary education (UPE). It analyzed the problems associated with the increase in primary school enrollment and their subsequent impact on the quality of education in Kenya.