Key result
Age ≥46 and uric acid ≥420 μmol/L linked to ~108% higher hypertension odds in overweight/obese adults.
Why the study?
This study was conducted to identify independent risk factors for hypertension in overweight and obese individuals and analyze interactions between these risk factors.
Cross-Sectional (n=5,098)
No
Odds Ratio: 2.08 (95% CI 1.759–2.459)
p-value: p=0.001
In overweight and obese individuals, age and uric acid levels exhibit a synergistic interaction that significantly increases the risk of hypertension.
May support uric acid monitoring in older overweight adults; leaves open causal effects and intervention trials.
Objective This study identified the independent risk factors for hypertension in overweight and obese people and also analyzed the interaction between the risk factors. Methods A total of 5,098 overweight and obese people were enrolled in this study. First, the clinical metabolic characteristics of hypertension and control groups were compared. The logistic regression (LR) and classification and regression trees (CRT)-based decision tree (DT) models were used to screen the independent risk factors for hypertension in overweight and obese people. The multiplicative and additive scale analyses were used to analyze the two risk factors with interaction from the perspective of statistics and biological interaction. Finally, the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) and calibration curves were used to analyze the accuracy and identification ability of the LR and DT models. Results Age, UA, FPG, SBP, Cr, AST, TG, and FPG were higher in the hypertension group than in the control group ( P < 0.05). The results of LR revealed that NAFLD, FPG, age, TG, LDL-c, UA, and Cr were positively correlated with hypertension in overweight and obese people, and GFR was negatively correlated with hypertension in overweight and obese people ( P < 0.05). The DT model suggested that the risk factors of age, FPG, and UA interacted with each other. The multiplicative single and multiple factor analysis for FPG + UA, age + UA, age + FPG revealed a positive multiplicative interaction ( P < 0.05, B ≠ 0, OR > 1). The additive single and multiple factor analysis for age + UA indicated a positive additive interaction. The ROC and calibration curve analysis indicated that the CRT decision tree, FPG + UA, age + UA, and age + FPG have certain accuracy and discrimination ability. Conclusion The independent risk factors for hypertension in overweight and obese people included NAFLD, FPG, age, TG, LDL-c, UA, and Cr. Among these, age + UA exhibited synergistic interaction, thereby providing a reference for the prevention and control of hypertension in overweight and obese people.
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Li et al. (2023) conducted a cross-sectional in Overweight and obesity (n=5,098). Age ≥46 years and Uric Acid ≥420 μmol/L vs. Age <46 years and Uric Acid <420 μmol/L was evaluated on Hypertension (OR 2.080, 95% CI 1.759-2.459, p=0.001). In overweight and obese adults, the combination of age ≥46 years and uric acid ≥420 μmol/L was associated with significantly increased odds of hypertension (OR 2.080), demonstrating a synergistic interaction.
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