A practical guide to managing cardiopulmonary toxicities of tyrosine kinase inhibitors in chronic myeloid leukemia

Figures

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  Figure 1. Manifestations of TKI-induced cardiopulmonary toxicities. ACS, acute coronary syndrome; CVD, cardiovascular disease; ILD, interstitial lung disease; PAD, Peripheral arterial disease; PAH, pulmonary arterial hypertension; SCD, sudden cardiac death; TdP, torsade de pointes; TKI, tyrosine kinase inhibitor(s).

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  Figure 2. Cardiovascular risk assessment and tyrosine kinase inhibitors selection and monitoring. ABI, Ankle-brachial index; AE, Adverse Events; BP, blood pressure; CAD, coronary artery disease; CHF, congestive heart failure; CV, cardiovascular; ECG, electrocardiogram; ECHO, echocardiography; PAD, Peripheral arterial disease; PAH, pulmonary arterial hypertension; TKI, tyrosine kinase inhibitor(s).

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  Figure 3. Assessment of QTc prolongation before and during tyrosine kinase inhibitor therapy. ECG, electrocardiogram; DDI, drug-drug interaction; EP, electrophysiology; TKI, tyrosine kinase inhibitor(s); QTc, corrected QT interval.

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  Figure 4. Management of heart failure (A) and fluid retention (B). ECHO, echocardiography; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; TKI, tyrosine kinase inhibitor.

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  Figure 5. Management (A) and monitoring (B) of pleural effusion. CXR, chest x-ray; TKI, tyrosine kinase inhibitor.

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  Figure 6. Diagnosis and management of TKI-induced PAH. BNP, B-type natriuretic peptide; CXR, chest x-ray; ECHO, echocardiography; hs-CT, high resolution computed tomography; mPAP, mean pulmonary arterial pressure; PAH, pulmonary arterial hypertension; PCWP, pulmonary artery wedge pressure; PFTs, pulmonary function tests; PH, pulmonary hypertension; PVR, pulmonary vascular resistance; RHC, right heart catheterization; TE, thromboembolism; TKI, tyrosine kinase inhibitor; TRV, tricuspid regurgitation velocity; VQ, ventilation perfusion; WU, Wood units.