Multiple-orchestrator networks: A typology of interacting practices in developing networks

Developing and coordinating networks presents challenges, particularly when multiple organizations attempt to guide and lead the network simultaneously, potentially resulting in overlapping roles and conflicting priorities. Research has examined such lead organizations in business networks as orchestrators but has primarily focused on contexts involving a single orchestrator. Given many networks are not pre-designed around a central orchestrator, we need to better understand how multiple orchestrators interact through their governance practices and how these interactions shape network development. This study addresses this gap by exploring practice interactions in multiple-orchestrator networks, focusing on their influence in the early stages of network development. Using a multiple case study approach, we examine the practices employed by orchestrators in Australian fashion and textiles circular economy networks. A typology of practice interaction types is developed, illustrating how orchestrators engage in practices within the same network and how these interactions shape various orchestration dimensions. Findings highlight the complexities of multiple-orchestrator networks, demonstrating how coordinated and uncoordinated practices can act as benefits and drawbacks for network development. By identifying key interaction types and their effects, this study advances understanding of multiple-orchestrator networks and provides insights for orchestrators, policymakers, and industry stakeholders navigating these types of networks.