Key result
Cuffless PPG-based blood pressure monitoring shows promise but faces key signal and accuracy limitations.
Why the study?
Conventional ambulatory blood pressure monitoring is discontinuous and disrupts daily activities and sleep patterns, driving interest in continuous photoplethysmography-guided noninvasive blood pressure monitoring.
Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
PPG-based noninvasive blood pressure monitoring, enhanced by machine learning for signal quality assessment, offers a promising continuous alternative to traditional cuff-based methods.
The demand for ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) is increasing due to the global rise in cardiovascular disease patients. However, conventional ABPM methods are discontinuous and can disrupt daily activities and sleep patterns. Photoplethysmography (PPG) is gaining attention from researchers due to its simplicity, portability, affordability, and ease of signal acquisition. This paper critically examines the advancements achieved in the technology of PPG-guided noninvasive blood pressure (BP) monitoring and explores future opportunities. We have performed a literature search using the Web of Science and PubMed search engines, from January 2018 to October 2023, for PPG signal quality assessment (SQA), cuffless BP estimation using single PPG, and associations between circadian rhythm and BP. Based on this foundation, we first examine the impact of PPG signal quality on blood pressure estimation results while focusing on methods for assessing PPG signal quality. Subsequently, the methods documented for estimating cuff-free BP from PPG signals are summarized. Furthermore, the study examines how individual differences affect the accuracy of BP estimation, incorporating the factors that influence arterial blood pressure (ABP) and elucidating the impact of circadian rhythm on blood pressure. Finally, there will be a summary of the study's findings and suggestions for future research directions.
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Chen et al. (2024) conducted a review in Hypertension / Blood pressure monitoring. Photoplethysmography (PPG)-based noninvasive blood pressure monitoring vs. Conventional ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) or invasive methods was evaluated. Photoplethysmography (PPG)-based noninvasive blood pressure monitoring shows promise for continuous cuffless assessment, though challenges remain regarding signal quality, motion artifacts, and long-term accuracy.
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