Critical challenges to consultants in pursuing quality of Environmental and Social Impact Assessments (ESIA) in Cambodia

The challenges faced by consultants in improving ESIA quality in Cambodia are discussed in this paper. Despite progress since its introduction in 1996, ESIA practice and the role of stakeholders in Cambodia remain inconsistent, resulting in assessment reports that show significant gaps in critical information. Based on interviews, observations and report reviews, the role of the consultant is found to be vital. Certain shortcomings need to be addressed: consultancy roles are legislatively mandated; there is undue political influence; the socio-economic and environmental databases and amount of time for assessment are restricted; there is limited expertise among hired assessors; financial constraints; and a lack of serious regard by project proponents for ESIA and its consultants. Resolving these issues would greatly improve the potential contribution consultants toward good practice in ESIA.