Effect of oral omeprazole in reducing re‐bleeding in bleeding peptic ulcers: a prospective, double‐blind, randomized, clinical trial

BACKGROUND: Endoscopic therapies and continuous intravenous omeprazole can decrease the morbidity and duration of hospital stay of patients with high-risk peptic ulcer. AIM: To evaluate the role of oral omeprazole in high-risk bleeders. METHODS: After injection therapy of 160 patients with high-risk peptic ulcer, 80 received oral omeprazole and 80 received placebo, and all were followed up. RESULTS: One hundred and forty-nine patients (71 omeprazole and 78 placebo) completed the study. Eleven patients were excluded from the study. Thirty-seven (25%) patients had gastric ulcer and 112 (75%) had duodenal ulcer. Fifty-seven (38%) ulcers showed visible vessels, 80 (54%) showed oozing of blood and 12 (8%) showed a spurting artery. Only one patient died (placebo group). The mean hospital stays were 62.8 +/- 28.6 h and 75 +/- 39 h in the omeprazole and placebo groups, respectively (P = 0.032). The mean amounts of blood transfused were 1.13 +/- 1.36 and 1.68 +/- 1.68 bags in the omeprazole and placebo groups, respectively (P = 0.029). The re-bleeding rate was lower in the omeprazole group than in the placebo group (12 vs. 26, respectively; P = 0.022). CONCLUSION: Oral omeprazole is effective in decreasing the hospital stay, re-bleeding rate and the need for blood transfusion in high-risk ulcer bleeders treated with endoscopic injection therapy.