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Biomedical research is now under serious and sustained challenge from many quarters to justify the risks that it entails for the human subjects who are essential to its success in creating more effective medical care. This challenge has at least two powerful sources. One is the valid rational concern about the hard fact that at least some biomedical research will cause some predictable or unintended injury to those who volunteer in both therapeutic and nontherapeutic situations. The other source is the increased strength of the value of equality in all areas of life in the modern world. In the medical . . .
Bernard Barber (Thu,) studied this question.