Classification of immediate implant placement (IIP) and immediate implant placement with provisionalization (IIPP) based on the scores of surgical and restorative difficulties

Background/purpose: Immediate implant placement (IIP) and immediate implant placement with provisionalization (IIPP) have gained popularity for reducing treatment time and improving patient outcomes. However, these techniques involve varying levels of surgical and prosthetic complexity. Existing implant classification systems primarily focus on timing and bone healing stages, but they do not fully address the combined surgical and restorative challenges presented by IIP and IIPP cases. The purpose of this article was to provide a classification system for IIP and IIPP based on their surgical and restorative difficulties. Materials and methods: This retrospective clinical study evaluated immediate implant placement (IIP) and immediate implant placement with provisionalization (IIPP) cases performed between January 2009 and February 2024. All patients provided informed consent for their treatment data to be used for research purposes. Results: The results of this retrospective study validate the classification system's ability to predict treatment complexity and outcomes. Cases classified as high difficulty in both surgical and restorative parameters showed lower survival rates (91.2 %), higher complication rates (35.3 %), and lower patient satisfaction scores compared to low and moderate difficulty cases. Conclusion: The classification system proposed in this article, based on surgical and restorative difficulty, provides a structured approach to case selection, allowing clinicians to manage risks effectively and improve treatment outcomes. This classification system serves as a valuable tool for clinical decision-making, treatment planning, and managing patient expectations in immediate implant placement and provisionalization procedures.