Key result
Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) signaling plays an important role in radiation oncology through its oncogenic, angiogenic, and profibrotic effects, making it a potential therapeutic target.
This review highlights the critical roles of PDGF signaling in oncogenesis, angiogenesis, and radiation-induced fibrogenesis, identifying it as a potential target for enhancing radiotherapy efficacy and reducing normal tissue toxicity.
PDGF inhibition merits preclinical and early clinical testing with radiotherapy; leaves open whether it improves tumor control or reduces fibrosis.
Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) was originally identified as a constituent of blood serum and subsequently purified from human platelets. PDGF ligand is a dimeric molecule consisting of two disulfide-bonded chains from A-, B-, C- and D-polypeptide chains, which combine to homo- and heterodimers. The PDGF isoforms exert their cellular effects by binding to and activating two structurally related protein tyrosine kinase receptors. PDGF is a potent mitogen and chemoattractant for mesenchymal cells and also a chemoattractant for neutrophils and monocytes. In radiation oncology, PDGF are important for several pathologic processes, including oncogenesis, angiogenesis and fibrogenesis. Autocrine activation of PDGF was observed and interpreted as an important mechanism involved in brain and other tumors. PDGF has been shown to be fundamental for the stability of normal blood vessel formation, and may be essential for the angiogenesis in tumor tissue. PDGF also plays an important role in the proliferative disease, such as atherosclerosis and radiation-induced fibrosis, regarding its proliferative stimulation of fibroblast cells. Moreover, PDGF was also shown to stimulate production of extracellular matrix proteins, which are mainly responsible for the irreversibility of these diseases. This review introduces the structural and functional properties of PDGF and PDGF receptors and discusses the role and mechanism of PDGF signaling in normal and tumor tissues under different conditions in radiation oncology.
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Li et al. (2007) conducted a review in Radiation-induced fibrosis, angiogenesis, and oncogenesis. Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) signaling was evaluated. Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) signaling plays an important role in radiation oncology through its oncogenic, angiogenic, and profibrotic effects, making it a potential therapeutic target.
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