Study on risk factors for mortality and morbidity in patients undergoing surgery for colorectal cancer

Background: The goal of surgery for colorectal cancer is cure, but post-operative mortality occurs. In evidence-based medicine, knowledge of the estimated risk associated with an operation might be an important factor to consider when a surgeon and patient consider surgery. This study aims to identify co-morbidity and causes of mortality in relation to direct technical complications of surgery.Methods: All consecutive patients who underwent surgery for colorectal cancer were included. Co-morbidity was determined. The postoperative course was studied and cause of death within 30 days was determined. The clinical and pathologic characteristics of patients were recorded by using detailed questionnaire.Results: 50 consecutive patients who underwent surgery for colon and rectal cancer were studied, out of which 3 died (6.45%). Most common cause for mortality was anastomotic leak and faecal peritonitis. 3 patients did not have any co-morbidities. In 14 patients (28%), duration of surgery was <3 hours, while in 36 patients (72%) operative time was >3 hours. No significant association was found between mode of surgery.Conclusions: The knowledge of independent perioperative risk factors responsible would help the surgeons to take the appropriate measures and shorten the stay and reduce post op mortality and morbidity.