What is the clinical evidence from this study?

Study design: Observational. Population: Stroke. Intervention: Temporal trends (1990-2021). Primary outcome: Age-standardized DALY rates for smoking-attributable burden (AAPC -0.85, 95% CI -0.88 to -0.83).

What does this research mean for the field?

Despite declining age-standardized mortality and DALY rates, Saudi Arabia faces a substantial stroke burden characterized by a high attribution to metabolic risk factors, particularly high fasting plasma glucose, and a younger age of onset compared to Western populations. Novelty: ClaimNovelty.SYNTHESIS. Consensus alignment: ConsensusAlignment.NEUTRAL.

June 3, 2026Annals of Indian Academy of Neurology0 citationsOpen Access

Temporal Trends and Burden of Stroke in Saudi Arabia (1990-2021)

Temporal Trends and Burden of Stroke in Saudi Arabia: A Secondary Analysis of Global Burden of Disease Data from 1990 to 2021

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Population

Saudi Arabian population from 1990 to 2021 based on Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2021 estimates

Design

Other

Follow-up

1990 to 2021

Key result

From 1990 to 2021, age-standardized DALY rates for smoking-attributable stroke burden in Saudi Arabia significantly declined (AAPC -0.85; 95% CI -0.88 to -0.83).

Authors

AAAhmed Abdulaziz Almohammadi

Discussion

Member takes

Overview

Supports tobacco control amid declining smoking-related stroke DALYs; extends GBD analyses but leaves metabolic risks open.

Key Points

This study aims to analyze temporal trends in stroke incidence, mortality, and disability in Saudi Arabia over three decades.
Conducted a secondary analysis of GBD 2021 data on stroke in Saudi Arabia from 1990 to 2021.
Used Joinpoint regression for annual percent change and Poisson regression for sex differences.
Supplemented GBD data with hospital registry and systematic review data for clinical context.
Stroke deaths in Saudi Arabia reached 1,408 annually by 2021 despite a declining mortality rate.
Age-standardized DALY rates showed a significant decline with an average annual percent change of -0.85 (95% CI: -0.88 to -0.83).
High fasting plasma glucose accounted for 6.89% of stroke DALYs, the highest global proportion.

Study Design

Type

Observational

Structured PICO

Population

Analysis of stroke incidence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life years in Saudi Arabia from 1990 to 2021 using Global Burden of Disease estimates.

Outcome

Temporal trends in stroke incidence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs)hard clinical

Despite declining age-standardized mortality and DALY rates, Saudi Arabia faces a substantial stroke burden driven by high metabolic risk factors and younger onset ages.

Main Result

Effect estimate: AAPC -0.85 (95% CI -0.88 to -0.83)

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Cite This Study

Ahmed Abdulaziz Almohammadi (2026) conducted an observational in Stroke. Temporal trends (1990-2021) was evaluated on Age-standardized DALY rates for smoking-attributable burden (AAPC -0.85, 95% CI -0.88 to -0.83). From 1990 to 2021, age-standardized DALY rates for smoking-attributable stroke burden in Saudi Arabia significantly declined (AAPC -0.85; 95% CI -0.88 to -0.83).

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a1fc5d7dee9eb8c0dce7293 https://doi.org/10.4103/aian.aian_1349_25

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June 3, 2026Annals of Indian Academy of Neurology0 citationsOpen Access

Temporal Trends and Burden of Stroke in Saudi Arabia (1990-2021)

Temporal Trends and Burden of Stroke in Saudi Arabia: A Secondary Analysis of Global Burden of Disease Data from 1990 to 2021

View Full Paper

Population

Saudi Arabian population from 1990 to 2021 based on Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2021 estimates

Design

Other

Follow-up

1990 to 2021

Key result

From 1990 to 2021, age-standardized DALY rates for smoking-attributable stroke burden in Saudi Arabia significantly declined (AAPC -0.85; 95% CI -0.88 to -0.83).

Authors

AAAhmed Abdulaziz Almohammadi

Discussion

Member takes

Overview

Supports tobacco control amid declining smoking-related stroke DALYs; extends GBD analyses but leaves metabolic risks open.

Key Points

This study aims to analyze temporal trends in stroke incidence, mortality, and disability in Saudi Arabia over three decades.
Conducted a secondary analysis of GBD 2021 data on stroke in Saudi Arabia from 1990 to 2021.
Used Joinpoint regression for annual percent change and Poisson regression for sex differences.
Supplemented GBD data with hospital registry and systematic review data for clinical context.
Stroke deaths in Saudi Arabia reached 1,408 annually by 2021 despite a declining mortality rate.
Age-standardized DALY rates showed a significant decline with an average annual percent change of -0.85 (95% CI: -0.88 to -0.83).
High fasting plasma glucose accounted for 6.89% of stroke DALYs, the highest global proportion.

Study Design

Type

Observational

Structured PICO

Population

Analysis of stroke incidence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life years in Saudi Arabia from 1990 to 2021 using Global Burden of Disease estimates.

Outcome

Temporal trends in stroke incidence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs)hard clinical

Despite declining age-standardized mortality and DALY rates, Saudi Arabia faces a substantial stroke burden driven by high metabolic risk factors and younger onset ages.

Main Result

Effect estimate: AAPC -0.85 (95% CI -0.88 to -0.83)

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Helpful

Bookmark

View Full Paper

Cite This Study

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a1fc5d7dee9eb8c0dce7293 https://doi.org/10.4103/aian.aian_1349_25

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