• Chance-constrained formulation for the electric vehicle scheduling problem with stochastic energy consumption. • Battery management guidelines enforced through probabilistic state-of-charge constraints. • Branch-and-price algorithm with stochastic pricing and dominance rules. • Explicit modeling of nonlinear charging, partial charging, and charger capacity limits. • Stochastic approach reduces operational costs while maintaining battery policy compliance.
Ricard et al. (Mon,) studied this question.