Teaching Grammar Through Modern Technologies

The integration of modern technologies into language education has significantly reshaped the teaching and learning of grammar in English as a Foreign Language (EFL) and English as a Second Language (ESL) contexts. This article provides a critical review of recent literature on the use of digital tools such as Computer-Assisted Language Learning (CALL), Mobile-Assisted Language Learning (MALL), artificial intelligence (AI), and gamification in grammar instruction. The findings indicate that technology-enhanced grammar teaching improves learner engagement, provides immediate feedback, and supports individualized learning pathways. However, challenges such as unequal access to technology, insufficient teacher training, and over-reliance on automated systems remain significant barriers. The study concludes that effective grammar instruction requires the integration of modern technologies with communicative, task-based, and learner-centered pedagogical approaches.