Culture, not nature: How traditional masculinity shapes male attitudes toward relationships

Wahring, Simpson, and Van Lange attribute men's increased involvement in romantic relationships to biological, evolutionary, and social mechanisms. We argue, however, that the effects they describe are not inherent but culturally constructed - emerging from socially reinforced manhood ideals and evolving gender norms. To support this position, we draw on recent empirical research on traditional masculinity, the manosphere, and incel subcultures.