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This tutorial aims to provide guidance on calibrating and verifying SWAT+ using the hydroPSO R package.

June 3, 2026Open Access

Tutorial for using hydroPSO to calibrate SWAT+

Key Points

This tutorial aims to provide guidance on calibrating and verifying SWAT+ using the hydroPSO R package.
Demonstrated steps for using the hydroPSO R package version >= 0.6-0.
Described file structures and contents in the SWATplus.zip for calibration processes.
Outlined the basic procedures for conducting uncertainty analysis.
Successful calibration of SWAT+ models using hydroPSO with verified input files.
Established framework for performing uncertainty analysis within the modeling context.

Abstract

This tutorial shows how to use the hydroPSO R package (version >= 0.6-0) to calibrate and verify SWAT+, and to perform a basic uncertainty analysis. The SWATplus.zip file has the following directories: PSO.in: contains the ParamFiles.txt and ParamRanges.txt files Rfunctions: contains the swat2zoo.R function TxtInOut: stores all the SWAT+ model input files and the executable files for GNU/Linux, macOS, a wrapper for all UNIX-alike OS, and MS Windows. This directory is slightly adapted from: Marinao, R., Zambrano-Bigiarini, M., Baez-Villanueva, O. M., & Muñoz-Neira, R. (2025). Tutorial for using hydroMOPSO to calibrate SWAT+ (0.1). Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17273538.

Tutorial for using hydroPSO to calibrate SWAT+

Key Points

Abstract

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