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Jonathan Silvertown, Miguel Franco, Irene Pisanty, Ana Mendoza, Comparative Plant Demography--Relative Importance of Life-Cycle Components to the Finite Rate of Increase in Woody and Herbaceous Perennials, Journal of Ecology, Vol. 81, No. 3 (Sep., 1993), pp. 465-476
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Silvertown et al. (1993) studied this question.
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