Multimodal Ultrasonic Diagnosis at the Treatment of Renal Cell Carcinoma With the Intraluminal Venous Invasion Into Inferior Vena Cava System

The aim is to study the possibilities of ultrasound diagnostics used in assessing the prevalence of the tumor process, its structure, and the degree of fixation or ingrowth of the tumor thrombus into the venous wall. The research was conducted in the Urological Department of the A.V. Vishnevsky National Medical Research Center of Surgery. 41 patients suffering from RCC complicated by the intraluminal venous invasion into the renal vein and/or IVC aged 39 -80 years were treated. 15 women and 26 men took part in the research. The level of thrombus spreading, the extent of its fixation and ingrowth inside the vascular wall, its structure and vascularization are of major importance for the planning of operation technique and predicting treatment outcomes. An algorithm for evaluating a tumor thrombus during ultrasound examination was developed based on the analysis of data from patients with RCC with renal and/or IVC tumor invasion. The presented algorithm of ultrasound examination allows us to determine the level of spread, structure and possible invasion of a tumor thrombus most accurately, thereby determining the volume of surgical intervention and, in some cases, leading to its reduction.