Key result
HAART-treated HIV is linked to ~7% higher arterial stiffness versus matched uninfected controls.
Why the study?
Patients with HIV receiving HAART have higher cardiovascular risk, and arterial stiffness measured by PWV independently predicts cardiovascular events.
Does HIV infection treated with HAART increase arterial stiffness (measured by PWV) compared to matched uninfected controls?
Cross-Sectional (n=375)
No
Does HIV infection treated with HAART increase arterial stiffness (measured by PWV) compared to matched uninfected controls?
Absolute Event Rate: 8.56% vs 8%
p-value: p=0.002
HIV-infected patients on HAART exhibit significantly higher arterial stiffness (measured by PWV) compared to matched uninfected controls, indicating increased subclinical cardiovascular risk.
Supports association of HAART-treated HIV with higher PWV; hypothesis-generating for CV risk and requires prospective validation.
Background: Several studies suggest that patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) under highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) have a higher cardiovascular risk than the general population. Arterial stiffness is an independent predictor of cardiovascular events and can be measured through carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV). The objectives of this study were to characterize a sample of HIV-infected patients under HAART regarding cardiovascular risk, compare PWV values of this group with those of uninfected controls, and investigate predictors of PWV in the HIV-infected group. Methods: PWV was measured, and data was collected from a sample of 125 HIV-infected patients under HAART. PWV measurements in the study group were compared with those in a control group of 250 subjects similar in sex, age, prevalence of hypertension, and type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). A linear regression model was constructed to identify predictors of PWV in the HIV-infected group. Results: In the HIV-infected group, composed mostly of men, the mean age and respective standard deviation were 48.6 ± 11.6 years. In this group, 112 individuals (89.6%) presented moderate to very high cardiovascular risk. Significant differences were found in median PWV between HIV-infected and control groups (8.56 vs. 8.00 m/s, p = .002). Age, peripheral systolic blood pressure, presence of DM, amount of alcohol consumed, and current CD4+ T cell count were independent predictors of PWV in the HIV-infected group. Conclusions: The HIV-infected group showed higher cardiovascular risk and arterial stiffness measurements than the general population. PWV may be an important predictor of subclinical cardiovascular disease in HIV-infected patients.
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Freitas et al. (2023) conducted a cross-sectional in HIV infection (n=375). HIV infection under HAART vs. Uninfected controls matched for sex, age, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus was evaluated on Carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV) (p=0.002). HIV-infected patients under HAART exhibited significantly higher arterial stiffness than matched uninfected controls, with a median pulse wave velocity of 8.56 m/s versus 8.00 m/s (p=0.002).
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