Key result
A lossless compression technique for PPG signals achieved an average compression ratio of 2.223 with less than 1% distortion on diagnostic measures.
The proposed lossless compression algorithm for PPG signals achieves a good compression ratio with minimal distortion, enabling low-cost real-time patient monitoring applications.
May support efficient PPG data handling in monitoring; leaves open clinical validation in prospective studies.
Photoplethysmogram (PPG) signal can provide vital diagnostic information on cardiovascular functions of the human body. In this paper, a lossless, real-time compression technique based on combination of second-order delta and the Huffman encoding is proposed for the PPG signal. The algorithm was validated with 10-bit quantized PPG data collected from multiparameter intelligent monitoring in intensive care-II database under Physionet and healthy volunteers using Biopac Systems at 125-Hz sampling frequency. Using a block size of 48 samples, the average compression ratio, percentage root-mean-squared difference (PRD), and PRD normalized achieved was 2.223, 0.127, and 0.187 respectively with 30 sets of volunteers' data. Three prime clinical features, systolic amplitude, systolic upstroke time, and pulse width from the decompressed PPG waveform were evaluated with less than 1% distortion on the diagnostic measures. A study was also done to estimate the compression efficiency for different sample block size, wave morphology, and sampling frequency of raw data. The low time complexity of the proposed algorithm encourages its implementation for development low-cost real-time PPG measurement application in patient monitoring.
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Rajarshi Gupta (2014) studied this question. Lossless real-time compression technique based on second-order delta and Huffman encoding vs. Raw PPG data was evaluated on Average compression ratio, percentage root-mean-squared difference (PRD), and normalized PRD. A lossless compression technique for PPG signals achieved an average compression ratio of 2.223 with less than 1% distortion on diagnostic measures.
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