Key result
A 1-unit increase in e-GFR decreased the risk of diabetic foot occurrence by 2% (OR 0.98), while smoking, retinopathy, and lack of regular exercise significantly increased the risk.
Why the study?
The study was conducted to analyze risk factors involved in the development of diabetic foot disease.
Case-Control (n=194)
No
Odds Ratio: 0.98 (95% CI 0.95–0.99)
p-value: p=0.024
Decreased e-GFR, lack of regular exercise, smoking, and retinopathy are significant risk factors for the development of diabetic foot disease in patients with diabetes.
May support e-GFR monitoring and exercise in diabetic foot risk assessment; hypothesis-generating, needs prospective confirmation.
Aim: The aim of this study was to analyze risk factors involved in the development of diabetic foot disease. Methods: Eighty-five diabetic foot patients and 109 diabetes mellitus diagnosed patients without diabetic foot disease (as the control group) were involved in this study. This was an analytic, case-control study. A questionnaire interrogating the patients’ socio-demographic characteristics, general information about their diseases and Morisky Medication Adherence Scale-8 were used in this research. Results: According to this study, diabetic foot disease is more frequently observed in male patients, in smokers, in those with an education level lower than high school and in those with a low income level. The rate of insulin users was higher in the group with diabetic foot disease. A history of retinopathy has been identified as a risk factor for diabetic foot disease. Each 1 unit of decline in e-GFR level increases the risk of diabetic foot development by 2%. Regular exercise is five times protective against diabetic foot disease. Conclusions: A decline in e-GFR values was a risk for diabetic foot disease; regular blood glucose monitoring and regular exercise were protective against diabetic foot disease. These factors should be considered in the management of diabetes mellitus.
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Isil et al. (2021) conducted a case-control in Diabetic foot disease (n=194). Clinical and sociodemographic risk factors (e.g., smoking, e-GFR decline, lack of exercise) vs. Absence of risk factors was evaluated on Development of diabetic foot disease (per 1-unit increase in e-GFR) (OR 0.98, 95% CI 0.95-0.99, p=0.024). A 1-unit increase in e-GFR decreased the risk of diabetic foot occurrence by 2% (OR 0.98), while smoking, retinopathy, and lack of regular exercise significantly increased the risk.
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