Evaluating medical student perceptions of family planning and lifestyle during general surgery training

Abstract Purpose Medical students’ (MS) interest in pursuing general surgery (GS) training is declining, and the effect of perceived lifestyle challenges have on this phenomenon is unknown. This study evaluated MS perceptions of life events, lifestyle, and family planning during GS training. Methods A voluntary, anonymous survey was distributed to all U.S. medical schools. Logistic regression models were constructed to quantify factors associated with interest in GS. Results 400 MS from 36 accredited medical schools completed the survey. Most respondents were 21–27 years old (88%), white (58%), female (73%), pre-clinical (65%), and answered that family planning influences their specialty choice (72%). A minority (27%) expressed interest in pursuing GS training. Higher indicated importance of family planning (OR: 0.61, 95% CI 0.38–0.97), lifestyle (OR: 0.14, 95% CI 0.09–0.24), and length of training (OR 0.32, 95% CI 0.19–0.52) were associated with lower interest in GS. Perceptions of gender bias, an inadequate work–life balance, and low level of support for life events in GS training were identified. On multivariable analysis, Black or Other race and perception of support for life events were associated with interest in GS. Conclusions Overall, MS hold a negative perception of work–life balance and family planning during GS residency. Family planning is valued by MS and associated with a lower likelihood of pursuing GS training. A national commitment is needed to address perceived deficits of support for major life events to increase recruitment of a competitive, diverse workforce.