Explores maternal and infant outcomes influenced by alcohol policies and spirits availability, suggesting policy improvements.
Government monopolies on retail spirits sales generally relate to reduced infant maltreatment and morbidities, although some pregnancy-specific alcohol policies blunt the protective effects of government monopolies. Repealing some ineffective pregnancy-specific policies - e.g. some Reporting Requirements - in monopoly states might improve infant outcomes.
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Schulte et al. (2025) studied this question.
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